4-4-methylenedianiline.pdfVIP专享VIP免费原创优质

4,4'-Methylenedianiline(MDA)101-77-9HazardSummary4,4'-Methylenedianiline(MDA)isprimarilyusedtoproduce4,4'-methylenedianlinediisocyanateandotherpolymericisocyanates.Acute(short-term)oralanddermalexposuretoMDAcausesliverdamageinhumansandanimals.MDAcanirritatetheskinandeyesinhumans.Noinformationisavailableonthechronic(long-term),reproductive,developmental,orcarcinogeniceffectsofMDAinhumans.InratsandmiceexposedtothedihydrochloridesaltofMDAintheirdrinkingwater,statisticallysignificantincreasesintheincidenceofseveraltypesoftumors,includingliverandthyroidtumors,werereported.EPAhasnotclassifiedMDAforcarcinogenicity.TheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer(IARC)hasclassifiedMDAasaGroup2B,possiblehumancarcinogen.PleaseNote:ThemainsourcesofinformationforthisfactsheetaretheAgencyforToxicSubstancesandDiseaseRegistry's(ATSDR's)ToxicologicalProfileforMethylenedianiline(5)andEPA'sHealthandEnvironmentalEffectsProfileforBenzenamine,4,4'-Methylenebis.(2)UsesMDAisprimarilyusedtoproduce4,4-'methylenedianilinediisocyanateandotherpolymericisocyanateswhichareusedtomanufacturepolyurethanefoams.(2,3,5)MDAisalsousedasacuringagentforepoxyresinsandurethaneelastomers,asacorrosionpreventativeforiron,asanantioxidantforlubricatingoils,asarubberprocessingchemical,asanintermediateinthemanufactureofelastomericfibers(e.g.,Spandex),andinthepreparationofazodyes.(2,3)SourcesandPotentialExposureOccupationalexposuretoMDAispossiblethroughinhalationanddermalcontactduringitscommercialmanufactureanduseasanintermediate.(1)Inthelate1960s,somepeoplewereaccidentallyexposedbyeatingMDA-contaminatedbread.(2)AssessingPersonalExposureSamplesofurinecanbetestedtodetermineifexposuretoMDAhasoccurred.(5)HealthHazardInformationAcuteEffects:AcuteoralanddermalexposuretoMDAcausesliverdamageinhumansandanimals.MDAisacausativeagentin"EppingJaundice,"whichhassymptomsincludingjaundice,tenderliver,weakness,abdominalpain,nausea,vomiting,headache,fever,chills,andmusclepaininhumans.(2,3,5,6)MDAcanirritatetheskinandeyesinhumans.(1)AsingleoralexposuretoMDAcausedliverdamageinrats.(5)Testsinvolvingacuteexposureofrats,mice,andrabbitshavedemonstratedMDAtohavemoderateacutetoxicityfromoralexposure.(4)ChronicEffects(Noncancer):NoinformationisavailableonthechroniceffectsofMDAinhumans.Damagetotheliverandthyroid,mineralizationinthekidneys,andreducedbodyweightgainhavebeenobservedinratsandmicechronicallyexposedtoMDAintheirdiet.(2,5,6)EPAhasnotestablishedaReferenceConcentration(RfC)oraReferenceDose(RfD)forMDA.TheCaliforniaEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(CalEPA)hascalculatedachronicinhalationreference3exposurelevelof0.02milligramspercubicmeter(mg/m)basedonoculareffectsinguineapigs.TheCalEPAreferenceexposurelevelisaconcentrationatorbelowwhichadversehealtheffectsarenotlikelytooccur.Itisnotadirectestimatorofriskbutratherareferencepointtogaugethepotentialeffects.Atlifetimeexposuresincreasinglygreaterthanthereferenceexposurelevel,thepotentialforadversehealtheffectsincreases.(6)ATSDRhascalculatedanintermediateoralminimalrisklevel(MRL)of0.08milligramsperkilogrambodyweightperday(mg/kg/d)basedonlivereffectsinrats.TheMRLisanestimateofthedailyhumanexposuretoahazardoussubstancethatislikelytobewithoutappreciableriskofadversenoncancerhealtheffectsoveraspecifieddurationofexposure.(5)Reproductive/DevelopmentalEffects:Noadequateinformationisavailableonthereproductiveordevelo...