WHO: 如何预防新型冠状病毒How to protect ourselves from novel coronavirus (CoV) 背景信息 Background • 近日，中国发现的新型冠状病毒感染疫情举世瞩目。世界卫生组织于 2020 年1 月 10 日发布了针对疑似新型冠状病毒感染造成严重急性呼吸道感染的临床处置指南。• A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative virus by Chinese authorities recently. On 10 January, WHO published a range of interim guidance for all countries on how they can prepare for this new virus.什么是冠状病毒和新型冠状病毒？What is a coronavirus & novel coronavirus?• 冠状病毒是一大类病毒，已知会引起疾病，患者表现从普通感冒到重症肺部感染不不同，例如中东呼吸综合症（ MERS ）和严重急性呼吸综合症（ SARS ）。新型冠状病毒（ nCoV ）是一种先前尚未在人类中发现的新型冠状病毒，如此次中国武汉的新型冠状病毒 2019-nCov 。• Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). A novel coronavirus (CoV) is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been previously identified in humans.人类可以感染动物来源的新型冠状病毒吗？Can humans become infected with a novel coronavirus of animal source?• Detailed investigations found that SARS-CoV was transmitted from civet cats to humans in China in 2002 and MERS-CoV from dromedary camels to humans in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Several known coronaviruses are circulating in animals that have not yet infected humans. As surveillance improves around the world, more coronaviruses are likely to be identified.• 根据既往详细调查发现， SARS-CoV 在 2002 年从中国的果子狸传播给人类，而MERS-CoV 在 2012 年从单峰骆驼传播到沙特阿拉伯人。另外有几种已知的冠状病毒在动物中传播流行，但尚未感染人类的。随着世界范围内监视的改善，可能会发现更多的冠状病毒。人感染冠状病毒后会有什么症状？What are the symptoms of someone infected with a coronavirus?• 症状取决于感染病毒的种类，但常见的症状包括呼吸道症状，发热、咳嗽、呼吸急促和呼吸困难。在更严重的情况下，感染会导致肺炎，严重的急性呼吸道综合症，肾衰竭甚至死亡。• It depends on the virus, but common signs• include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, • shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties. • In more severe cases, infection can cause• pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome,• kidney failure and even death.冠状病毒可以在人与人之间传播吗？Can coronaviruses be transmitted from person to person?• 是的，某些冠状病毒可以在人与人之间传播，通常是在与被感染的患者密切接触之后，例如在家庭工作场所或医疗中心。此次中国武汉的 2019-nCoV 被证实可能存在有限的人传人。• Yes, some coronaviruses can be transmitted from person to person, usually after close contact with an infected patient, for example, in a household workplace, or health care centre.目前有针对新型冠状病毒的疫苗吗？Is there a vaccine for a novel coronavirus?• 新发疾病需要时间才能研发出接种的疫苗，而开发新疫苗可能需要数年时间。• When a disease is new, there is no vaccine until one is developed. It can take a number of years f...
