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1RiskAssessmentforTalcherThermalPowerProjectStage-III(2x660MW)Anindustrialdisasterariseswhenamajoraccidentoccurringinthefactorybecomesuncontrollableanditsconsequencesgooutofthefactoryboundaries.Hazardsareinherenttoallindustrialoperationssincetheyinvolvehandlingofhazardousmaterials(flammable,explosive,corrosiveandtoxicmaterials).Riskassessmentisamethodologytodeterminethenatureandextentofriskbyanalysingpotentialhazardsandevaluatingexistingconditionsofvulnerabilitythatcouldposeapotentialthreatorharmtopeople,property,livelihoodsandtheenvironmentonwhichtheydepend.RisksareinherentinproposedthermalpowerplantoperationssincetheyinvolveworkingwithHighpressuresuper-heaters,re-heaters,economizerunitsexchangingheatwiththehotfluegasesTurbinesthatutilizetheHPsteamtogeneratepowerFueloilhandlingunitsCoalhandlingunitsHydrogenasacoolantinturbogeneratorsdrawnfromhydrogencylindersChlorineaswatertreatmentchemicaldrawnfromcylinders.Switchyardincludingtransformers,isolatorsNevertheless,aproperlydesignedandoperatedplantwillhaveaverylowprobability(toalevelofacceptablerisk)ofaccidentoccurrence.Subsequently,aproperlydesignedandexecutedmanagementplancanfurtherreducetheprobabilityofanyaccidentturningintoanon-siteemergencyand/oranoff-siteemergency.Thefourmajorstepsinriskassessmentarehazardidentification,doseresponseassessment,exposureassessment,andriskcharacterization.Hazardidentificationisaprocessthatdeterminesthepotentialhumanhealtheffectsthatcouldresultfromexposuretoahazard.Thisprocessrequiresareviewofthescientificliterature.TheliteraturecouldincludeinformationpublishedbytheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),federalorstateagencies,andhealthorganizations.Identificationofcausesandtypesofhazardsistheprimarytaskforplanningforriskassessment.IdentificationofHazardousChemicalsisdoneinaccordancewiththeManufacture,StorageandImportofHazardousChemicalRules,1989.Schedule1,oftheRuleprovidesalistoftheToxicandHazardouschemicalsandtheflammablechemicals.Itdefinestheflammablechemicalsbasedontheflashpointandboilingpoint.Dose-responseortoxicityassessmentisthedeterminationofhowdifferentlevelsofexposuretoahazardorpollutantaffectthelikelihoodorseverityofhealtheffects.Responses/effectscanvarywidelysinceallchemicalsandcontaminantsvaryintheir2capacitytocauseadverseeffects.Thedose-responserelationshipcanbeevaluatedforeithercarcinogenicornoncarcinogenicsubstances.Exposureassessmentisthedeterminationofthemagnitudeofexposure,frequencyofexposure,durationofexposure,androutesofexposurebycontaminantstohumanpopulationsandecosystems.Therearethreecomponentstothisstep.Identificationofcontaminantsbeingreleased.Estimationoftheamountsofcontaminantsreleasedfromallsourcesorthesourceofconcern.Estimationoftheconcentrationofcontaminants.Riskcharacterizationisthefinalstepinwhichtoxicologyandexposuredata/informationiscombinedtoobtainaqualitativeorquantitativeexpressionofrisk.1.1ScopeoftheStudyTheriskanalysis/assessmentstudycoversthefollowing:SiteassessmentIdentificationofpotentialhazardareas;Identificationofrepresentativefailurecases;VisualisationofthemodeofchemicalreleasesandtheresultingaccidentscenariosAssesstheoveralldamagepotentialoftheidentifiedhazardouseventsandimpactzonesfromtheaccidentscenarios;Furnishspecificrecommendationsontheminimisationoftheworstaccidentpossibilities;PreparationofDisasterManagement...