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OccupationalSafetyandHealthGuidanceManualforHazardousWasteSiteActivitiesPreparedby:NationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth(NIOSH)OccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)U.S.CoastGuard(USCG)U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesPublicHealthServiceCentersforDiseaseControlNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealthOctober1985iiAcknowledgmentsTheOccupationalSafetyandHealthGuidanceManualforHazardousWasteSiteActivitiesisaresultofthecollaborativeeffortsofindividualsrepresentingtheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth(NIOSH),theleadagency,andtheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA),theU.S.CoastGuard(USCG),andtheU.S,EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA).Agencyrepresentativesonthesteeringcommitteeforthisprojectwere:GailKleiner(OSHA)SheldonRabinovitz(NIOSH)DavidWeitzman(EPA)GlennWiltshire(USCG)JanConneryofEasternResearchGroup,Arlington,Massachusetts,editedandcoordinatedproductionofthemanual.Over100individualsandorganizationsalsocontributedsubstantiallytothedevelopmentofthismanualbyprovidingtechnicalinformationandreview.Althoughtheyaretoonumeroustonameindividually,thesteeringcommitteegratefullyacknowledgestheirvaluablecontributions.NoticeNowarranty,guarantee,orrepresentation,expressedorimplied,ismadebyoronbehalfoftheU.S.Governmentastotheabsolutecorrectnessorsufficiencyofanyrepresentationcontainedinthisdocument.TheU.S.Governmentassumesnoresponsibilityinconnectiontherewith,norcanitbeassumedthatallacceptablesafetymeasuresarecontainedinthisorassociateddocuments,orthatotheroradditionalmeasuresmaynotberequiredunderparticularorexceptionalconditionsorcircumstances.ThementionofabrandnameproductorcompanydoesnotconstituteendorsementbytheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth,theOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration,theU.S.CoastGuard,ortheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.1-11.IntroductionInthepastdecade,industry,government,andthegeneralpublichavebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheneedtorespondtothehazardouswasteproblem,whichhasgrownsteadilyoverthepast40years.In1980,CongresspassedtheComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse,Compensation,andLiabilityAct(CERCLA)--theSuperfundlaw-toprovidefor"liability,compensation,cleanup,andemergencyresponseforhazardoussubstancesreleasedintotheenvironmentandthecleanupofinactivewastedisposalsites."Thismanualisaguidancedocumentformanagersresponsibleforoccupationalsafetyandhealthprogramsatinactivehazardouswastesites.Itassumesabasicknowledgeofscienceandexperienceinoccupationalsafetyandhealth.Itistheproductofafour-agencycommittee(theNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth[NIOSH],theOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration[OSHA],theU.S.CoastGuard[USCG],andtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency[EPA])mandatedbyCERCLAsection301(f)tostudytheproblemofprotectingthesafetyandhealthofworkersathazardouswastesites,andbyCERCLAsection111(c)(6)todevelopaprogramtoprotectthehealthandsafetyofemployeesinvolvedinresponsetohazardoussubstancereleases,removals,orremedialactions.Thismanualisintendedforfederal,state,andlocalofficialsandtheircontractors.Itmaybeused:•Asaplanningtoolbygovernmentorprivateindividuals.•Asamanagementtoolbyupperlevelorfieldmanagers.•Asaneducationaltooltoprovideacomprehensiveoverviewofallaspectsofsafetyandhealthprotectionathazardouswastesites.•Asareferencedocumentforsitepersonnelwhon...