Chapter7:ENGINEERINGCONTROLSTheOSHALaboratorystandardrequiresthatengineeringcontrols(e.g.chemicalfumehoodsandgeneralventilationequipment)functionproperlyandareadequatelymaintained.AdditionalprotectionsarerequiredbytheLabStandardforemployeesworkingwithparticularlyhazardoussubstances.ItistheCollege’sresponsibilitytoprovidethefollowingcontrolswheretheyareneededtoprotectemployeesandtoensurethat:•generalventilationsystemsandfumehoodsarefunctionalandmeettherequirementsforproceduresperformed;•personalprotectiveequipment(PPE)isappropriateandavailable;•emergencysafetyequipmentissufficientandaccessible.GeneralVentilationGeneralventilationisdefinedasasystembywhichairismechanicallysuppliedtoaspacethroughair-supplyducts,andexhaustedfromaspacethroughexhaustducts.(Inlaboratories,exhaustisusuallythroughchemicalfumehoodsonly.)Airissuppliedtolaboratoriesatarateof8-14room-airchangesperhour.FlammableStorageRoomsmusthave6room-airchangesperhour.Inlaboratoriesandstoragerooms,airis100%freshoutsideair,0%recirculated;airremovedfromlaboratories/storageroomsisventeddirectlytotheoutdoors.Aslightlynegativepressureshouldbemaintainedinlaboratoriestopreventescapeofcontaminantsintouncontaminatedareas.Intakeventsforthesystemmustbedistantfromtheexhaustporttopreventcrosscontamination.Theseconsiderationswillbetakenintoaccountinallfuturedesignandredesignofventilationsystemsforlaboratoryuse.Generalventilationwillnotbereliedupontoprotectemployeesfromtoxicexposures.Localexhaustequipment(e.g.chemicalfumehood)mustbeusedforthispurpose.FumeHoodsFumehoodsminimizepersonalriskofexposuretotoxicandhazardousmaterialsbyisolatingthehazardfromtheworkerbycapturingchemicalvapors,fumesandmistsattheirsource,preventingthemfromenteringthegenerallaboratoryenvironment.Theiruseisencouragedwheneverpossible,andmandatedforcertainsubstancesandprocedures,asoutlinedbelow.Checkfumehoodsbeforeusetoensureadequatefunctioning.SendahoodmaintenancerequesttoBuildings&Grounds(x8180)ifthereisaproblemandcontacttheCHO(x8978)iftheproblemisnotaddressedimmediately.PerformanceRequirements:FDNYregulationsrequirethatallfumehoodsbeventedsothatanaverageminimumfacevelocityof100linearfeetperminute(100ft/min,100fpm)isachievedatasashheightof12”-18”.TheMaintenanceandInspectionProgramforlaboratoriesofthisinstitution,describedinChapter9ofthisPlan,willensurethatfumehoodperformanceisroutinelyassessedandsystemsaremaintained.VentilationDucts:Commonductsmaybeusedonlyforfumehoodslocatedinthesamelaboratoryunit(definedasanenclosedfire-ratedspacethatmaycontainmorethanoneseparatelaboratoryworkareas).Hoodsindifferentlaboratoryunitsshouldnothavecombinedducts.Ductworkmustbearrangedsothatexhaustfromoneductcannotbeforcedoutthroughanyotherhoodservedbythecommonduct.Examplesofwhenchemicalfumehoodsarerequired:•Whenthechemicalisaknownorsuspectedcarcinogen,reproductivehazard,sensitizer,oracutelytoxicchemical;•Whenhandlinglargequantitiesofchemicals(>500mLofliquidor>30gofasolid);•Whenworkingwithflammable,volatile,and/orreactivesubstances;•Whenconductingunpredictableorunreliableproceduresorreactions.ChemicalFumeHoodsRequiredWorkPractices•Laboratoryemployeesmustcheckfumehoods’functioningbeforeuseandemployworkpracticeswhichoptimizeprotectionaffordedbyfumehoods.Methodsforevaluatingfumehoodperformancewillbecoveredinemployeetraining,including:oContinuousmonitoringdevices(faceveloci...
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