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FireProtectionandPreventionTheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)requiresemployerstoimplementfireprotectionandpreventionprogramsintheworkplace.TheregulationsthatapplytofireprotectionandpreventioncanbefoundmainlyinSubpartFoftheconstructionstandards,thoughtherequirementforafirepreventionprogramisfirstsetoutinSubpartC.Thefollowingsectionsoftheconstructionstandardscontainrequirementsforfireprotectionthatareofsignificancetoroofingcontractors:1926.24SubpartC,Fireprotectionandpreventionprograms1926.150Fireprotection1926.151Fireprevention1926.152Flammableandcombustibleliquids1926.153Liquefiedpetroleumgas(LP-Gas)1926.154Temporaryheatingdevices1926.155Definitions1926.550SubpartN,CranesandderricksFollowingthischapter,thereisalistoffiresafetyworkpracticesaddressingmanyfirehazardsfoundintheroofingworkplace,includingfieldoperationsandshopactivities.Contractorsshouldreviewtheelementsofthelistmostapplicabletotheircompanies’operationsandconsiderincludingthemintheircompanies’healthandsafetyprogram.FireProtectionFireisachemicalreactionthatrequiresthreeelementstobepresentforthereactiontotakeplaceandcontinue.Thethreeelementsare:Heat,oranignitionsourceFuelOxygenThesethreeelementstypicallyarereferredtoasthe“firetriangle.”Fireistheresultofthereactionbetweenthefuelandoxygenintheair.Scientistsdevelopedtheconceptofafiretriangletoaidinunderstandingofthecauseoffiresandhowtheycanbepreventedandextinguished.Heat,fuelandoxygenmustcombineinaprecisewayforafiretostartandcontinuetoburn.Ifoneelementofthefiretriangleisnotpresentorremoved,firewillnotstartor,ifalreadyburning,willextinguish.Ignitionsourcescanincludeanymaterial,equipmentoroperationthatemitsasparkorflame—includingobviousitems,suchastorches,aswellaslessobviousitems,suchasstaticelectricityandgrindingoperations.Equipmentorcomponentsthatradiateheat,suchaskettles,catalyticconvertersandmufflers,alsocanbeignitionsources.Fuelsourcesincludecombustiblematerials,suchaswood,paper,trashandclothing;flammableliquids,suchasgasolineorsolvents;andflammablegases,suchaspropaneornaturalgas.Oxygeninthefiretrianglecomesfromtheairintheatmosphere.Aircontainsapproximately79percentnitrogenand21percentoxygen.OSHAdescribesahazardousatmosphereasonewhichisoxygen-deficientbecauseithaslessthan19.5percentoxygen,oroxygenenrichedbecauseithasgreaterthan23.5percentoxygen.EitherinstanceisregardedbyOSHAasanatmosphereimmediatelydangeroustolifeandhealth(IDLH)forreasonsunrelatedtothepresenceoffire.Dependingonthetypeoffuelinvolved,firescanoccurwithmuchlowervolumeofoxygenpresentthanneededtosupporthumanrespiration.Everyroofingprojecthasallthreeofthefiretriangleelementspresentinabundance.Thekeytopreventingfiresistokeepheatandignitionsourcesawayfrommaterials,equipmentandstructuresthatcouldactasfueltocompletethefiretriangle.FireClassificationsFiresareclassifiedasA,B,C,DorKbasedonthetypeofsubstancethatisthefuelforthefire,asfollows:ClassA—firesinvolvingordinarycombustibles,suchaspaper,trash,someplastics,woodandcloth.Aruleofthumbisifitleavesanashbehind,itisaClassAfire.ClassB—firesinvolvingflammablegasesorliquids,suchaspropane,oilandgasolineClassC—firesinvolvingenergizedelectricalcomponentsClassD—firesinvolvingmetal.Aruleofthumbisifthenameofthemetalendswiththeletters“um,”itisaClassDfire.Examplesofthisarealuminum,magnesium,berylliumandsodium.ClassDfiresrarelyoccurinthero...