InternationalJournalofEnvironmentalResearchandPublicHealthArticleRiskAssessmentofMiners’UnsafeBehaviors:ACaseStudyofGasExplosionAccidentsinCoalMine,ChinaRuipengTong1,*,YunyunYang1,XiaofeiMa1,YanweiZhang1,ShianLi2andHongqingYang21SchoolofEmergencyManagementandSafetyEngineering,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing),Beijing100083,China;yangyunyun0225@126.com(Y.Y.);18811739823@163.com(X.M.);13121957417@163.com(Y.Z.)2SafetyCenter,ResearchInstituteofHighwayMinistryofTransport,Beijing100088,China;sa.li@rioh.cn(S.L.);hq.yang@rioh.cn(H.Y.)*Correspondence:tongrp@cumtb.edu.cn;Tel.:+86-137-1843-1777Received:28April2019;Accepted:16May2019;Published:18May2019�����������������Abstract:China’scoalmineproductionsituationisgrimandvarioustypesofaccidentsoccurfrequently,andgasexplosionaccidentsarethehighestincidenceofcoalmineaccidents.Theauthorsselected200gasexplosionaccidentsofcoalmineenterprisesinrecentyears,andextractedalargenumberofworkers’unsafebehaviors.Meanwhile,fourworkingtypesrelatedtogasexplosionaccidentswereobtained,namelyventilation,gaspreventionandfireextinguishing,blasting,andelectrician.Thisarticlelistedsomeinfluencingfactorsofunsafebehaviorsandcorrectedtheprobabilityofunsafebehaviors.Inaddition,aprobabilisticriskassessmentmodelwasestablished,andtheMonteCarlomethodwasusedtoanalyzetheriskscausedbyunsafebehaviorsofvariousworkingtypes.Theresultsshowthattheriskofunsafebehaviorscausedbytheventilationworkingtypeisthehighest,followedbygaspreventionandfireextinguishing,andfinallyblastingandelectrician.Thispaperstudiestheinfluencingfactorsofminers’unsafebehaviorsfromtheperspectiveofbehavior,guaranteeseffectivelythesafetymanagementofcoalmineenterprises,andlaysafoundationforstudyingunsafebehaviorsrelatedtocoalminegasexplosions.Keywords:gasexplosion;unsafebehaviors;probabilisticriskassessment;MonteCarlosimulation;sensitivityanalysis;behavior-basedsafety(BBS)1.IntroductionCoalmineshavealwaysplayedavitalroleinpromotingthedevelopmentofvariouscountries.theyareanimportantenergysourceforcountriesintheworld.InChina,coalisthepillarindustryofeconomicdevelopment,anditrepresentseconomicdevelopmentprospectsandprovidesimportantguaranteesforChina’seconomicandsocialdevelopmentandenergysupplysecurity[1,2].China’scoalproductioncapacityaccountsfor30%ofglobalproductioncapacityandisalsothelargestcoal-consumingcountry,withcoalconsumptionaccountingforabout60%ofChina’senergyconsumption.Atthesametime,thecoalindustryhasremainedinanirreplaceablepositionforalongtime,andChina’scoal-basedenergysituationwillnotchangefundamentally[3,4].Nevertheless,thecoalmineaccidentcasualtyrateinChinahasreachedmorethan70%oftheglobaltotal.[5].Complexworkingconditions,theharshworkingenvironment,andmanydangerousfactorshaveformedasevereproductionsituationincoalmines[6,7].Thissituationhasnotonlycausedadversesocialimpacts,butalsowidespreadconcernintheinternationalcommunity,directlyaffectingtheimageoftheChinesegovernmentandforeigntradeofenterprises.Amongthemanytypesofaccidents,Int.J.Environ.Res.PublicHealth2019,16,1765;doi:10.3390/ijerph16101765www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerphInt.J.Environ.Res.PublicHealth2019,16,17652of18gasexplosionsareconsideredtobethemostserioustypeofaccidentincoalmines[8–10].NotonlyforChinesecoalmines,butalsoformanyothercountries,gasexplosionsareaseriousthreat[11–15].Forexample,miningisa...
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