Safetyoflithium-ionbatteriesJune2013TheEuropeanAssociationforAdvancedRechargeableBatteriesSafetyofLithium-ionbatteries1ForewordThispublicationispreparedtoprovideinformationregardingthesubjectmattercovered.Thedocumenthasbeenpreparedwiththeinformationavailableatthetimeofitspublication.Itiscommunicatedwiththeunderstandingthattheauthorsarenotengagedinrenderinglegalorotherprofessionalservicesonissuescoveredbythisreport.Authors.ThispublicationhasbeenpreparedbyRECHARGEaisbl.ThemembershipofRECHARGEincludessuppliersofprimaryandsecondaryrawmaterialstothebatteryindustry,rechargeablebatterymanufacturers,originalequipmentmanufacturers,logisticspartnersandbatteryrecyclers.RECHARGEisfollowingthecontinuouslychangingregulatoryandlegislativeenvironmentforrechargeablebatteriesandisarecognizedexpertisecentreforadvancedportableandindustrialrechargeablebatterytechnologies.RECHARGEaisblAvenuedeTervueren,168.B-3.B-1150Brussels.Belgium.Contacts.www.rechargebatteries.orgC.Chanson.GeneralManager.cchanson@rechargebatteries.orgJ-PWiaux.DirectorGeneral.jpwiaux@rechargebatteries.orgCopyright©2013byRECHARGEaisblSafetyofLithium-ionbatteries2Content1.ExecutiveSummary2.Introduction3.Lithium-ionbatteries:keyfeatures3.1.MarketandApplications3.2.ChemistryandTechnology4Lithium-ionbatteryhazards4.1.Thetypeofhazards4.2.Rootcausesofathermalrun-away4.3.Hazardseffects/consequences5.Lithium-ionbatterysafetymanagement5.1Safetymanagementapproach5.2Safetystandards5.3.Safetymanagementtools6.ConclusionsSafetyofLithium-ionbatteries31.ExecutiveSummaryLithium-ionbatterysafetyhasraisedalargeinterestinthepublicintherecentyears.Thisbatterytechnologyhasbeenfindingnewmarketssincetheyears2000.Itisassociatedwiththemarketdevelopmentofcordlesscommunicationtechnologiesandequipmentsuchascellularphonesandportablecomputers,powertoolsandmorerecentlytablets.InEuropeitisthepreferredbatterytechnologyfore-bikes,itisexpectedinthenearfuturetobewidelyusedinPlug-InHybridandfullElectricVehicles.Thenumberofrechargeablelithium-ionbatteriesusedincordlessapplicationsiswellaboveonebillionunitsperyearanditisexpectedtogrowinthemid-term.Despitethehighsafetystandardsusedintheproductionofthesebatteries,severalincidentshavebeenreported,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofthistechnology.Theaimofthisdocumentistodescribetherisksassociatedwiththistechnology,andhowtheyaremanagedinordertoguaranteeasafeuseoflithium-ionbatteries.Thefollowingconclusionsaredrawnfromthisstudy.1.Thesafetyprotectionisafundamentalfunctionintegratedinalithium-ionbattery,minimizingtheoccurrenceoftheflammabilityhazardanditsconsequencesbyacombinationofprevention,protectionandmitigationsystems:Preventionandprotectionincludeselectronicprotections,mechanicaldesignandelectricdesignincorporatingthenecessaryredundanciestoensurethereliabilityofthesafetyprotection:currentandvoltagecontrol,stateofchargeandtemperaturemanagement…Mitigationsystemsreducetheconsequencesofdefaultsorabuse,e.g.internalshorts,temperatureelevation,excesscurrent,mechanicaldamage,throughtheusageofsafetyvents,heatprotectionorevacuationsystems,mechanicalprotections…2.Productcompliancewithwellestablishedinternationalorprivatestandardsvalidatethatthesafetyprotectionisadaptedtotheintendeduse.Inaddition,lithium-ionbatterieshavetobequalifiedfortransportaccordingtoaUNsafetystandard,requiringmanufacturerstocomplywithSafetyTestrequir...
优质VIP
