lithium_fire_prevention_si093.pdfVIP专享VIP免费原创优质

Page1of2SafetyInstruction#93rev.12/2013ContactEHS:safety@oregonstate.eduoregonstate.edu/ehs/541•737•2273INTRODUCTIONThepurposeofthisdocumentistoaddresstheimportanceofpreparednesswhenconfrontedwithalithiummetalorlithiumionbatteryfire.ROLESUniversitycommunitymembers(staffandstudents)areresponsibleforknowing:LocationoffireextinguishersLocationoffirealarmpullstationsIntheeventofafirealarmoratthedirectionofEH&S,SecurityPersonnel,orBuildingManager,allfaculty,staffandstudentsmustevacuatetheirworkorstudyareasandifreasonablyabletodosowhileevacuating,shutdownanyoperationorequipmentwhichmightbecomeahazardifunattended.Teachingpersonnel,supervisors,andotherswhohavegroupsofpeopleundertheirdirectionareresponsibleforensuringorderlyevacuationintheeventofafireorfirealarm.AnyonewhoworkswithlithiumionbatteriesorwithelementallithiumshouldreferenceLithiumBatterySafetyandHandlingGuidelineforfurtherinformationofresponsiblilitiesandprocedures.LITHIUMIONBATTERIESDESCRIPTION:Lithiumionbatteriesareusedinawidearrayofdevicesthatareusedonadailybasis.Someofthemostcommondeviceswherethesebatteriesareusedarecellphones,laptops,tablets,andelectriccars.Rechargeablelithiumioncellsutilizelithiumionsthatareinterposedintographite,lithiummetaloxidesand/orlithiumsalts.Thereisnoelementallithiuminalithiumionbattery.Thismeansthattheyaremuchmorestablethannon-rechargeablelithiumbatterieswhichcontaintheelementlithium.However,lithiumioncanstillposeathreatifnottreatedproperly.STORAGE:Lithiumionbatteryfireriskcanbemanagedeffectivelybyproperlystoringthebatteries.Afewmethodsofstoragetopracticeare:Storebatteriesatroomtemperaturebetween40and80degreesFDonotexposebatterypacktodirectsunlight(heat)forextendedperiodsWhenfeasible,donotleaveabatterychargingunattendedintheeventthatthebatteryisdamagedandcanbecomeunstable,thusoverheating.Storebatteriesseparatelyfromanythinghazardous,suchasexplosives,combustibles,oranyotherhighlyflammablematerial.CAUSESOFFIRE:Over-charging(usuallywitholderbatterymodelsthatlackapowershutoffsensor)Energetic-typefailures(thebatteryreleasingstoredenergyrapidlycreatingheatandventinggasesthatcanpotentiallyignite)Improperstorageoflithiumionbatteries(sunlightexposure,extremeheat)LITHIUMFIREPREVENTIONFactSheetENVIRONMENTALHEALTH&SAFETYPage2of2SafetyInstruction#93rev.12/2013Failuretodisposeofthebatteryaftertheexpirationdateorwhenthebatteryisnolongerfunctioningproperly(batteriestendtolosetheirstructuralintegrityoncepasttheirprime)PROPEREXTINGUISHING:LetthefiredepartmentfightfiresUniversityemployeesshouldnotuseafireextinguisherunlessformerlytrainedintheproperoperationofanextinguisheroIfformallytrained,youmayuseastandardABCfireextinguisherorwatertoputoutalithiumionbatteryfire.ORGANICANDINORGANICELEMENTALLITHIUMBATTERIESDESCRIPTION:Lithiummetalisasoft,silver-whitemetalbelongingtothealkalimetalgroupofchemicalelements.Itisthelightestmetalandtheleastdensesolidelement.Likeallalkalimetals,lithiumishighlyreactiveandflammable.Lithiumbatteries,orprimarybatteries,aresingleuseandincapableofrecharge.Theycontainlithiummetalwhichishighlycombustible.Commonapplicationsincludemilitaryuse,medicalapplications,andcertainconsumerelectronics.CAUSESOFFIRE:WaterandliquidsubstancesBatteryfailuresAttemptingtochargeanon-rechargeablebatteryImproperstorageofbatteriesHeatsourcesFlammablesSTORAGE:LithiumbatteriesshouldbestoredawayfromdirectsunlightStoragetemperaturesoflithiumbatteriesisoptimalbetween40-80degreesFAwayfromwatersourcesStorebatteriesseparatelyfromanythinghazardous,suchasexplosives,combustibles,oranyotherhighlyflammablematerial.Storageareasshouldnotbesubjecttoelevatedtemperatures,sourcesofopenflame,orspark-generatingequipmentPROPEREXTINGUISHING:LetthefiredepartmentfightfiresUniversityemployeesshouldnotuseafireextinguisherunlessformerlytrainedintheproperoperationofanextinguisherOnlyClassDfireextinguishersthatcontainacopperpowderareapprovedforcombatingalithiumfireDONOTUSEWATERORANYOTHERTYPEOFEXTINGUISHERBECAUSEORGANIC&INORGANICLITHIUMMETALFIRESREACTHIGHLYWITHWATERANDCOMBUSTIBLESUBSTANCESFURTHERINFORMATIONFormoredetailregardinglithiumbatteries,referenceLithiumBatterySafetyandHandlingGuideline